____________________ is the process by which mechanical force is translated into a biochemical signal to direct the organism to change its structure.

Mechanocoupling

Mechanotransduction

Mechanosensing

After 4 – 6 months of space flight, how long does restoring bone mineral content to preflight values typically take?

Weeks

Months

Over a year

______________ suggests that a body submerged in water will experience a buoyant force equivalent to the amount of fluid it displaces. 

Body composition

Archimedes principle

Fluid dynamics

Recordings of ground reactive forces may be used as a surrogate for loading intensity, which has been proposed to be useful for all the following except ____________.

Predicting future injury rates

Estimating musculoskeletal strain

Predicting the adaptive response

Ground reaction force is a product of all the following except _____________.

Height

Velocity

Gait stance

According to the article, what is the vertical ground reaction force loading rate experienced during walking associated with?

Femoral neck slide

Navicular drop

Tibial shock

What is an acceptable way to reduce the mechanical loading during walking?

Reduce body weight

Reduce locomotion velocity

Both answers reduce mechanical loading

Reportedly, jogging, running, and sprinting can cause ground reaction forces to exceed _____ body weight, which may lead to a greater body mineral density.

2x

5x

10x

If the intensity is sufficient, resistance training-induced muscular forces are described to activate which signaling molecules and pathway?

IGF1/Akt/mTOR

Erk/MAPK

JAK-STAT

The association between externally applied forces and the tension experienced by individual cells is termed what?

Mechanocoupling

Mechanotransduction

Mechanosensing